Development of the Industry - 1073 Words

This presence cannot be ignored and has led to the development of the industry. With new regulations being introduced, such as FoFA, threaten the same earnings as before but experts believe, from our interviews, will bring in large volumes of business to the industry. The industry would soon need to adjust to the newer conditions but is expected to develop around it given the opportunity the wealth pool has to offer. Further, the sophistication of the industry can be seen by the existence of over 200 Boutique Investment firms who provide expertise to their niche investors. There is an expectation of consolidation of these firms in view of the recent changes about slim margins but the market has seen disruptive firms booming without any old heritage and running successfully. More than 23 of Australian Investment firms are identified to be the Worlds Top 500 largest firms. The existence alone highlights the growth potential of the industry and the future of the industry. 3. Literature Review The future of the wealth management industry in Australia depends on the reasons that are leading to the growth of the industry such as superannuation pool, regulatory changes, digitalization, etc. There are also some challenges faced by the industry due to rising rates, higher contribution to superannuation, etc which hold back the development and with respect to that, policy makers have been making recommendations and suggestions which we look into to make a conclusion. SoShow MoreRelatedThe Development Of Restaurants Industries1088 Words   |  5 PagesExecutive Summary The development of restaurants industries has taken place in modern times of 1900 s. Customer satisfaction includes things that is done for the comfort and improvement of customers and is provided over the price paid for the food. Satisfying customers helps in maintaining the morale of restaurants which would help to retain the customers for longer duration. The satisfaction need not be in providing quality food but also in improving services given to customers. Customer satisfactionRead MoreThe Research And Development Industry Essay2048 Words   |  9 PagesRecently in the research and development industry, there has been an increased push for qualified health researchers to share individual-level data of participants in their studies with fellow researchers (Bull, Roberts Parker, 2015). The basis for the cultivation of this culture of sharing stems from the belief that multiple benefits can be reaped from practicing data sharing. These benefits include building a large internati onal dataset and network to allow for cross-border collaborations toRead MoreThe Development Of Luxury Industry1920 Words   |  8 Pagesgeneration, using luxury to measure whether one is success or not becomes a culture, and rich becomes the synonym of success in the society. The development of luxury industry benefits by this unhealthy culture; at the same time, people’s vanities also be expended by luxury which cause the distorted definition of success. The development of luxury industry never leaves human’s vanity. People want to look rich but not poor, specially, in United States and under American Dream. According to â€Å"Sales ofRead MoreThe Development Of Tourism And Hospitality Industry1410 Words   |  6 PagesCouncil (WTTC), the development of tourism and hospitality employment is important in developing countries. WTTC had done the research and found out that in future 10 years there will be a shortage or a talent ‘deficit’ in tourism and hospitality industry in 46 different countries. (WTTC, 2015) Indirectly, this will become the biggest challenge for Human resource department if there is a shortage of talented employees in human resource department and in the hospitality industry. Therefore, talentedRead MoreThe Development Of Tourism And Hospitality Industry929 Words   |  4 PagesCouncil (WTTC), the development of tourism and hospitality employment is important in developing countries. WTTC had done the research and found out that in future 10 years there will be a shortage or a talent ‘deficit’ in tourism and hospitality industry in 46 different countries. (WTTC, 2015) Indirectly, this will become the biggest challenge for Human resource department if there is a shortage of talented employees in human resource department and also in the hospitality industry. Therefore, talentedRead MoreThe Mining Industry And Sustainable Development Essay1543 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Giving with the one hand and taking with the other†, (The Guardian, 2015, p. 1). Thus in lies the precarious relationship between the mining industry and sustainable development. The mining industry has, from a neoliberalist perspective, represented a path to prosperity for developing nations to turn natural resources into capital. However, mining as an industry is indicative of â€Å"the curse of natural resources†, (Sachs Warner, 2001, p. 827) and potential prosperity derived from natural resources comesRead MoreCareer Development Of The Healthcare Industry971 Words   |  4 Pagesthat men and women in their forties and fifties were only looking toward retirement, not career development, and enhancement strategies. However, older workers, for different reasons, have changed their definition of retirement and are choosing to stay actively engaged at work. Moreover, the baby boomers are returning to school after decades away to complete their degrees to be competitive in their industry, gain valuable skills, or even change careers. While enjoying a successful career in healthcareRead MoreDevelopment Of Real Estate Industry Essay1023 Words   |  5 Pagesthe dominant purchasing power of the Australian market. With the influx of new immigrants, Australia s housing is still in short supply. The vigorous development of real estate will inevitably lead to the construction market and the development of related industries. 2. The demand is stable, and due to new immigrant tide triggered by the development of real estate demand led to a long-term upward trend, it is building materials export enterprises indispensable auxiliary Market. 3. DESIGN BUILD isRead MoreThe Construction Industry Development Board1454 Words   |  6 Pages1.0 Introduction Construction industry plays an important part as a stimulant in Malaysia’s economy. The Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) was established as a government agency to facilitate and act as a catalyst to the development, is generally representing the construction industry to the government and the public. (Chan, 2009). According to Hiap (2012), the CIDB published a ten year Construction Industry Master Plan (CIMP) towards the end of year 2007, the aim is to refocus theRead MoreThe Development Of The Malquiladora Industries In Mexico1047 Words   |  4 Pagestime. This means that once the optional level of production is reached with labor and the returns starts to diminish, the firm will reach a point where they should invest in a new fryer rather than more labor. Question 2 The development of the malquiladora industries in Mexico may be seen as good for the Mexican economy and the people who have gained employment as well as beneficial to the US economy. The decision regarding the way investment is made is undertaken by looking at the potential

Alcohol Use, Abuse, And Related Accidents Among College...

Question: Alcohol uses among college students-What are the trends in alcohol use, abuse, and related accidents among college aged women versus men? Background National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) defines low risk drinking as less than 4 drinks in a day.1 On the other hand, binge drinking as a pattern of drinking makes blood alcohol concentration (BAC) level to 0.07h/dL. This level is typically reached after 4 drinks for women and 5 drinks for men in approximately 2 hours. Drinking level is shown to increase 5 times more of drinking problems at three drinks and greater thereafter. Negative consequences are more likely to be associated when there are more than three drinks of alcohol consumption.2 Approximately 40 to 45% of college students in the US report engaging in heavy episodic drinking.3 Consequences of heavy drinking are widespread which include academic problems, unwanted sexual experiences, physical injuries, and death. A study titled Are Social Norms the Best Predictor of Outcomes among Heavy-Drinking College Students? by Neighbors et al found that social norms were the best predictors of typical weekly alcohol consumption amongst college students.3 In other words, perceived descriptive norms and approval of friends were the best predictor of heavy drinking in college years. Although men reported consistent alcohol consumption per drinking occasion, alcohol consumption among female college students seem to be increasing nowadays.4 According toShow MoreRelatedAlcohol As A Dangerous Deadly Weapon1677 Words   |  7 Pagesamendment, which banned all alcohol from being manufactured, transported, and sold in the United States. But it is ironic how the prohibition just brought in more of what it was trying to outlaw. The American citizens of course did not like this law so they eventually opened more bars and kept drinking illegally. Even going back to indigenous roots of Latino/Hispanics, alcohol has been a huge component to celebrations, traditions and social upbringings. The use of alcohol can be seen as one of theRead MoreUnderage Drinkers And The Drinking Age1237 Words   |  5 PagesAdults’ drink, which is no secret. Among these adults there are underage drinkers. As these underage adults indulge in this activity, they do so in hiding, pre-gamin g before they actually go out. Underage adults are binge drinking and doing drugs before they leave their house, then they are out on the road, in public places, and making irrational decisions. If only these adults didn’t feel the need to pre-game, and get as belligerent as the can before they go out, because once they do that’s theRead MoreThe Effects Of Underage Drinking On The United States874 Words   |  4 PagesThe abuse of alcohol among teenagers in the United States is universal and destructive. Teenagers believe drinking to be the cool that they must do to fit in with a crowd or become the popular one, when they do not realize all it brings is harm. Underage drinking has been one of the largest unsolved problems in history. Although many ideas have been made and put into practice, like raising the drinking age, harsher punishments, and, at one point, banning it all-together, nothing people do can stopRead MoreResearch Paper Drinking Age1565 Words   |  7 Pagesthere will be less alcohol related injuries and deaths from vehicle accidents, as well less alcohol abuse among teens due to binge drinking. On the other side, people in favor of lowering the drinking age believe that since turning eighteen is considered an adult one should entail the rights and responsibilities. The debate surrounding the drinking age is an ongoing battle, and it continues to flare up around the country. Millions of peoples are affected each day by alcohol. People do not realizeRead MorePersuasive Essay On Underage Drinking1515 Words   |  7 Pagesagree that alcohol should not be given or allowed to children or young adults under a certain age. Alcohol is a substance that is very dangerous and if you used incorrectly or immaturely the consequences can be great danger to the users or the ones around them. The topic of lowering the drinking age has been in discussion for many decades. â€Å"Between 1970 and 1976, 29 states lowered their age for drinking alcohol. The results were catastrophic. Highway deaths among teenagers and young adults skyrocketedRead More Consequences of Underage Alcohol Use Essay562 Words   |  3 PagesUnderage Alcohol Use   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alcohol is the most widely used drug among youth. It causes serious and potentially life-threatening problems for this population. Research indicates that drinking is associated with risk-taking and sensation-seeking behavior among adolescents. Alcohol has disinhibiting effects that may increase the likelihood of unsafe activities.In 1997, 21 percent of the young drivers 15 to 20 years old who were killed in crashes were intoxicated. For young drivers, alcohol involvementRead MoreThe Effects of Underage Drinking Essay853 Words   |  4 PagesEvery year, thousands of minors die from the use of alcohol. Many young adults abuse the drinking age policy. It is put in effect for substantial reasons, which contribute in making the safest environment for all. Drinking underage is not only illegal, but also damages one’s health tremendously. Furthermore, drinking in large amounts is extremely dangerous and can cause detrimental things to occur. There have been numerous attempts to create a law to lower the drinking age, but none have gone throughRead MoreThe Minimum Legal Drinking Age1594 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Amethyst Initiative. The Amethyst Initiative is a groups of over 100 university and college presidents and chancellors from around the nation with the goal of lowering the drinking age to 18 (Fitzpatrick et al. 1608). The initiative was started by John McCardell, former president of Middlebury College, as a way to encourage other universities to be actively engaged in decreasing unsafe drinking on college campuses. Specifically, the Amethyst Initiative is attempting to curtail binge drinkingRead MoreDrinking Age1012 Words   |  5 Pagessources have proven higher drinking ages have a positive effect on society. Alcohol is harmful to the development of younger people. Research has shown that an adult is less likely to binge drink (have five or more drinks in a row). According to statistics from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, teens become intoxicated twice as fast as adults. Because the teens get drunk faster they are less likely to know when toRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol And Tobacco On The Age Of Addiction981 Words   |  4 Pageslifestyles and over work, obsession with sports or video games, alcohol abuse, or drug abuse. A person can end up with a drug addiction or alcohol addiction at any age. Younger people face different social pressures surrounding drugs and alcohol. Substance abuse is often related to negative experiences at some point during life. Researchers have found that abuse at any age can influence an individual s choice to turn to drugs or alcohol. Middle age and elderly deal with life changes s uch as divorce

Titration Free Essays

Determination of the Percent Acetic Acid in Vinegar Objectives: (1) To introduce and use the concept of solution geochemistry (2) To specifically use solution geochemistry to determine the percent of acetic acid in vinegar. (3) To prepare a standard solution by the method of titration. Consider the following balanced chemical equations: IPPP + + OH (2) (4) (5) HCI + Noah HASPS + Noah CLC + – HASPS + – Niacin + HO Nassau + OHO acacia + OHO cases + OHO These reactions in water have one feature in common: a hydrogen ion from one impound reacts with a hydroxide ion from the other compound to form water. We will write a custom essay sample on Titration or any similar topic only for you Order Now The compound furnishing the hydrogen ion is called an acid and the one furnishing the hydroxide ion is called a base. The metal ion (the action) of the base and the anion of the acid combine to form a salt. In this context, salt is essentially synonymous with ionic compound. Reactions such as these are called acid-base reactions. The concepts of solution reactions and geochemistry in this experiment are applicable to any chemical reaction taking place in solution, not Just the acid base reactions indicated here. Geochemistry is the area of chemistry that deals with how much of one compound reacts with another. When compounds are mixed in amounts such that these amounts Just exactly react and none of any reactant is in excess (they are all the limiting reagent), this mixture is said to be a psychometric mixture or that psychometric amounts have been mixed. Observation of the above balanced equations indicates that symptomatically reaction occurs so that the total number of hydrogen ions available in the amount of acid reacting is the same as the total number of hydroxide ions available in the amount of base reacting. Thus in reaction 2) above, one mole (or one molecule) of HASPS (sulfuric acid) can furnish the same number of hydrogen as the number of hydroxides that two mole (or two molecules) of Noah can furnish. Therefore one mole of HASPS reacts with 2 moles of Noah (or one molecule of HASPS reacts with two molecules of Noah). This type of geochemistry information is obtained from any balanced chemical equation. In a solution the militarily, M, is the number of moles of solute in a liter of solution. Thus where n is the number of moles and V the volume in liters. By equation (6), the number of moles of solute in V liters of a solution of militarily M is Suppose one takes 34. 56 ml off 0. 13 M solution of sulfuric acid (HASPS). If one has a certain volume of sulfuric acid solution, there is one volume of a given Noah solution needed such that equivalent amounts of the two reactants are mixed. Equivalent amounts are the amounts that symptomatically react (that is, none of either reactant is left over). When the amount of Noah (in solution or otherwise) needed for psychometric reaction has been added, this is called the equivalence point. In the laboratory, the determination of the volume (the amount) of Noah required to exact symptomatically with the sulfuric acid solution is done by a procedure called titration. A burette is used to measure an accurate volume of the sulfuric acid solution into a flask. A few drops of an indicator is added and another burette is used to add the Noah solution to the sulfuric acid solution until there is a visual change in color of the solution (due to the indicator). There is a visual change in color in the solution caused by the indicator, a substance that changes color as close as possible to the point when the psychometric amount of Noah (in this case) has been added. When the solution changes color (the indicator changes color) this is called the endpoint of the titration. The solution should be colorless and change to a pink color (for the phenolphthalein indicator used here) upon the addition of one drop of Noah iterant. The indicator phenolphthalein is pink in basic solutions and colorless in acid solutions. The solution for the titration of sulfuric acid with Noah changes from acidic (indicator colorless) to basic (indicator pink) at the endpoint. At the endpoint the solution is slightly basic when the iterant is a base. Other indicators have a different color change but work the same in principle. The endpoint and the equivalence point should be as nearly the same as possible. In general for a sample of an acid which has z acid hydrogen titrated with Noah, the equation using normality, CEQ 38, is unchanged but CEQ 39 becomes CEQ 40 (40) % acid = (1 of For a sample of an acid with acid acid hydrogen titrated with a base with Sybase hydroxide ions, the percent of the acid in the sample is given by (41) (Sybase/acid)(Numb)(mom of Titration are usually used to determine the amount of a substance in a sample of a old or in a solution by determining the volume of iterant that is needed to react with the desired compound. In order to do this, the militarily and/or normality of the iterant solution must be accurately known and the chemical reaction between them must be known. This concepts and calculations above are not restricted to acid/base reactions and can be used for other types of chemical reactions. The definition of gram equivalent weight may change, however, to keep the requirement that one equivalent react with one equivalent. See the appendix to Experiment 9 for more illustration of this. If one considers the operations above, it will become clear why solutions are used in the laboratory. It would be difficult without using solutions to effect the reaction of the sodium hydroxide (a solid) with the vinegar sample (a liquid) and make accurate measurements in regard to how much sodium hydroxide would be required to react with a given sample of the vinegar. Using solutions makes the process much easier and convenient and is one of the reasons chemists use solutions. It does, however, require that one learn about solution concentrations and how they can relate to reaction geochemistry. In CEQ 32, note that in reaction only one of the four hydrogen in acetic acid reacts with the Noah to give a salt and water. Not all the hydrogen in compounds will react with the hydroxide of Noah to form water. Those that will are called acid hydrogen and the acid hydrogen are written first in the formula for a compound. Thus the formula for acetic acid is HACHURE indicating that it has one acid hydrogen. The determination of which and how many of the hydrogen are acid hydrogen in a compound must be done experimentally but once this is done, the formula is written so as to indicate this. How to cite Titration, Papers

Penalty Rates across Australia-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: You will write about story one on penalty rates, identifying the problem, analyzing it in terms of the relevant theory and literature, and provide practical solutions. Answer: Introduction Penalty rates are a form of compensation which is provided to the employees when the employees work on either Sundays or a public holiday. These rates are provided in from of additional compensation for the purpose of ensuring that fair compensation is provided in relation to the additional work done by the employees by sacrificing their leisure and free time (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). However the governments in Australia have taken a decision to reduce the penalty rate to be provided to the employees. When the employee rates were double the time for an employee working on a Sunday or a private holiday. However these payments in relation to full time employees have been reduced to half and time and in relation to casual employees it has been reduced to half and time. The purpose of this report is to identify the problem as a consultant of an organization operating in the retail industry which has been created through the deduction in penalty rates in relation to various areas of human resource management in the organization. The report initially identifies the problem and then analyze it based on relevant theories and literatures. Subsequent to the analysis the report recommends appropriate solutions in relation to the problem. The Issue As stated by ABC News (2018), the initiative taken by the government with respect to the reduction in the penalty rates across Australia has not been very successful as there has been a failure on the part of the strategy towards the creation of additional jobs and working hours. This is the primary issue which has been identified as a consultant to the organization. This result has been obtained through a survey which has been conducted by Macquarie University and University of Wollongong upon 1351 workers. It has been conducted through the research that no additional working hour has resulted out of the cutting strategy. The decision of cutting the penalty rates was attempted to be justified by the government by stating that the strategy is set to enhance the extent of services offered by the employees along with increase in additional working hours. The research has to the contrary made a finding that the working hours of the employees in the retail sector on Sunday have been decr eased by up to 9% after the new decreased rates have been implemented. In addition there has also been a significant decrease in the percentage of employees who work on Sundays. This has mainly been due to the decision of the employees of not working on Sundays where a lower penalty rate is provided to them. This issue may have a considerable impact of a few areas of HRM which are discussed in the report in The Light Of Relevant Theories And Literature. Strategic Hrm The organization must have the knowledge that Strategic HRM refers to typical components of HR such as hiring, payroll and discipline. The process incorporates the working of the employees in a collaborative way so that a boost in relation to quality, mutual benefit and retention of the employees can be achieved (Barney, 2014). According to the behavioral perspective in relation to strategic HRM there has been in order to get the best out of the employees their behavior in relation to elements like Motivation, expectations, conflicts. When the employees have proper motivation, their expectations in relation to their employment are met and there is minimum conflict which arise out of the workplace they automatically tend to provide more effort towards the organization. It has also been argued by Wheelen et al. (2017) that the satisfaction of employees in relation to the workplace has a significant impact on productivity of the organization. This is because when the employees are satis fied they are able to concentrate on their role within the organization in a much better way. In the present situation where the employees have been imposed with penalty rates which are less than what they use to receive. The primary purpose of a holiday penalties is to provide motivation to the employees to do additional work in a time which has been provided to them for personal use. Therefore it can be evidently stated that as the penalty rates have been reduced the motivation which the employees have to work in the given situation has reduced and the employer are not able to meet the expectation of the employees giving rise to conflict and subsequently low turnout of work of holidays. This statement can further be provided support through the results of the research conducted by Macquarie University and University of Wollongong where the same situation has been depicted through the research. Employee Turnover And Retention It is the duty of the consultant to discuss the impact of penalty rates on employee turnover and retention. One of the most significant challenges which are faced by the HR managers is in relation to their role in the organization is that of employee retention. Retaining employees is of significant importance to the organization (Albers et al., 2017). This is because when the organization is not able to retain employees it has to bear an additional cost in relation to the process of recruitment. In addition where the retrenchment rate of the organization is high the potential employees believe that there is something not right with the management within the organization and therefore refrain from applying in such companies. Out of the two types of turnover (voluntary and involuntary turnover) the one which is a more significant threat to the organization is the voluntary turnover. This is the kind of turnover which is initiated by the employees themselves and takes place in a situati on where the organization wants the employees to be a part of it. There are various reasons why employee turnover takes place. These includes getting better opportunity, not able to maintain a proper work life balance, poor management, conflict within the workplace and payment and compensation system and an overall unhealthy working environment (Slack, 2015). There are a few theoretical perspectives which have been provided in relation to the element of retention and turnover. One of such perspectives is in relation to the theory of distributive fairness. The theory is in relation to the decision taken by people based of the made contribution and the outcome received through it. Employees in the same way also consider the amount of contribution which has been made by them and the amount if compensation which is received in relation to the contribution to determine the feasibility of working with the employer in future. In situation where the penalty rates have been decreased by the government it is evident that the voluntary turnover of the employee would increase (Barney Hesterly, 2015). This is because in addition to the lack of motivation in the employees it can be stated that the employees have will have the view that the amount of additional effort they are providing is much more than the compensation which is being provided to them . Sacrificing personal time to work for the organization would be considered as a significant contribution and the lower penalty rates would be considered as a less compensation against the contribution (Rothaermel, 2015). Motivation, Rewards And Compensation A consultant has the duty to inform the organization about the importance of motivation, rewards and compensation. According to the equity theory a person in order to analyze whether the situation he or she is in is fair or not compares the situation which are faced by others. Thus as per the principles of this theory the ratio of perceived outcome such as working conditions or penalty rates is compared by a person with perceived input such as effort to the same ratio as others. Whether equity is perceived or not determines the consequences of the actions of the individuals. Where the person is able to perceive equity there is no change and where the person is not able to perceive equity there is going to be a change within the behavior and attitude of the person (Morschett, Schramm-Klein Zentes, 2015). When it comes to payment of penalty rates, external equity is taken into consideration by the employees. This means that the employees will tend to compare the penalty rate which they use to receive or what others are receiving in some other industry to perceive equity. In the given situation where penalty rates are different for specific industry employees working in sectors having a low penalty rate will not be able to perceive equity and there will be an evident change in their behavior. In addition it has been argued by Frynas and Mellahi, (2015) that a payment structure which is based on jobs may not result in a behavior which is desired, specifically in an environment which is changing rapidly. Thus penalty rate based on the kind of industry and the type of employment a person is engaged in would also not be suitable to derive the desired behavior from the employees. Diversity And Work Life Balance The organization has to consider the importance of diversity and work life balance in relation to the management of employees. It has been argued by Morden (2016) that providing addition compensation the employees to work on those days which are reserved for their personal use is unethical in nature and also not very effective in the long run as it disturbs the work life balance of the employees. Thus this argument can be taken in favor of the decrease in penalty rates for working on holidays. In addition a holiday on Sunday is a culture in Australia which is only for the purpose of relaxing and indulging into personal work. Allocating work on a holiday to the employer would lead to the operating against such culture. However these practices are totally legal in Australia as they are done for the betterment of market and smooth functioning of trade. In this situation it can be provided that penalty rates have been decreased for the purpose of ensuring that a pooper work life balance is established. However it has also been provided that the sending on consumer products has considerably decreased from the time there has been a reduction in the rates. This evidently provides that the employees are not able to maintain proper life-style due to the less compensation received by them. The situation will therefore have an adverse impact on their work-life balance (Goetsch Davis, 2014). Recommendations As a consultant it would be suggested that a an equal penalty rate opportunity program has to be initiated for the purpose of addressing the issue in relation to the different penalty rates. This program can function in from of an Equal Employment Opportunity plan through which the employees would be able to perceive equality (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson, 2015). The employers have to observe distributive as well as procedural fairness while dealing with those employees who seek to work on Sundays and public holidays. In relation to such fairness the employees may provide the employees some form of fringe benefits in situation where the penalty rates have been reduced. The motivation of the employees to work on holidays has to be enhanced by employers. A lack of motivation is a serious problem which has been indentified in relation to the reduction of penalty rates. Motivation can be enhanced by providing lesser work on holidays where there has been a reduction in penalty rates. The employers have to ensure that the work-life balance of the employees is maintained so that they can contribute fairly towards their role in the organization. Satisfied employees tend to provide more productivity. Work-life balance of the employees can be improved by given them flexible working hours. Conclusion Employment relationship is the core to the success of any organization. As a consultant to the organization it would be stated by me that the organization has to enhance employment relation which can be done through providing employee satisfaction. The organization has to incorporate strategic HRM in order to effectively manage its employees and increase productivity. The lower penalty rates have de motivated the employees to work effectively. Thus the organization needs to address the issue by provided adequate compensation and rewards to the employees as well as a healthy working environment which is inclusive in nature References Albers, S., Baum, H., Auerbach, S., Delfmann, W. (Eds.). (2017). Strategic Management in the Aviation Industry. Taylor Francis. Barney, J. B. (2014). Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage. Pearson higher ed. Barney, J. B., Hesterly, W. (2015). Strategic management and competitive advantage concepts and cases. Pearson. Frynas, J. G., Mellahi, K. (2015). Global strategic management. Oxford University Press, USA. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014). Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., Schilling, M. A. (2014). Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Hoskisson, R. E. (2015). Strategic management: Concepts: Competitiveness and globalization, chapter 3-The internal organization: Resources, capabilities, core competencies and competitive advantages. South Melbourne: South-Western Cengage Learning. Morden, T. (2016). Principles of strategic management. Routledge. Morschett, D., Schramm-Klein, H., Zentes, J. (2015). Strategic international management (pp. 978-3658078836). Springer. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015). Strategic management. McGraw-Hill Education. Slack, N. (2015). Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D., Hoffman, A. N., Bamford, C. E. (2017). Strategic management and business policy. pearson.

How To Become a Great Self-Editor 7 Questions To Improve Your Writing - The Writers For Hire

HOW TO BECOME A GREAT SELF-EDITOR: 7 QUESTIONS TO IMPROVE YOUR WRITING We’ve said it before, and we’ll probably say it again: Editing is an essential part of the writing process. Every writer from the bestselling novelist to the complete novice can benefit from a thorough review by a critical, impartial eye. Of course, it’s hard to be critical and impartial about your own work. This is also true for every writer, which is why professional editors exist. This doesn’t mean it’s impossible to become a skilled self-editor. Like writing, editing is a skill: The more you practice, the better you get and the easier it is to approach your own writing with a set of fresh eyes. Want to sharpen your editorial skills? Here are a few questions to ask as you review your draft: 1. Is each sentence as clear as it could be? Each sentence in your writing should say exactly what you want it to say. Vague details, confusing descriptions, or meandering run-ons can cloud your meaning and confuse your reader.   Hands down, the best quick reference to concise writing is (still) Strunk and White’s The Elements of Style. 2. Are there any sentences that feel clunky or awkward? A good way to check: If you suspect that a sentence is a bit unwieldy, read it aloud. Nine times out of ten, you’ll know if you need to revise. 3. Have I varied my sentence length? Too many short sentences can make a piece of writing feel choppy. Too many long ones can feel rambly. Ideally, your writing should have a good balance of short and long sentences. 4. Can I eliminate any passive sentences? Passive sentences are almost always a no-go. Rewrite them. Here are a few examples:Passive:   â€Å"The book was written by a ghostwriter. Active: â€Å"A ghostwriter wrote the book† Passive: â€Å"The patient was examined by the doctor.† Active: â€Å"The doctor examined the patient.† Passive: â€Å"Each component is designed and built by an experienced engineer.† Active: â€Å"Experienced engineers design and build each component.† 5. Does every paragraph begin with an interesting sentence? The first sentence of each paragraph should make you want to keep reading. As you review each paragraph in your draft, look for opening sentences that surprise, raise questions, or build suspense.  Ã‚   6. Does every paragraph â€Å"flow† into the next? Look for a logical progression of ideas. Does each paragraph feel connected to the one before it? The one after it? Are there any paragraphs that seem like they don’t â€Å"fit† together? Any jarring or abrupt shifts in time, subject matter, point of view, or tense? 7. Does this â€Å"sound† like you wanted it to? When you started writi ng, you probably had an idea of the tone, or â€Å"voice,† you were aiming for. Read your writing aloud. Do you want your writing to sound more casual and conversational, like you’re chatting with a friend? Use lots of contractions, start sentences with â€Å"and† and â€Å"but,† and don’t be afraid of sentence fragments. Want something more formal? Stick to English-class grammar rules and sentence structures instead.

War of the Roses essays

War of the Roses essays The War of the Roses was a war for the thrown of England. When Edward III died in 1377, he left no direct heir to the throne of England. It was decided that his son, Edward III's grandson, should inherit the throne. However Henry, Duke of Lancaster opposed of this, and died in the vain as his life was spent in pursuit of the kingdom. The single most probable event that was responsible for the starting of the War of the Roses was when in 1399, Henry Bolingbroke seized the throne from Edward's grandson Richard II and declared himself King Henry IV. Even though Henry IV was not the best and most ideal King, his son Henry V inherited the kingdom and proved to be a great King. A few months after being crowned, Henry once more regained the throne. He held it for only a few months and then Edward captured Henry and seized power for himself again. After Henry V died he left his two sons, Richard and Edward, to the care of their uncle Richard. However the two boys were murdered and Richard (the uncle) pronounced himself King. However there was another who claimed the thrown. Henry Tudor rose to the occasion and laid claim on the thrown of England. On August 22nd, 1485, Richard and Henry met at Bosworth. By the end of the day, Henry was crowned King of England, and Richard was dead. Henrys only opposition was a few Lords and Nobels, these men were either in support of Henry or dead by1490. By Henrys marriage of the last of the Yorkist line, Joan of Brittany in 1403, the War of the Roses could be defined as over. ...

Vietnam war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Vietnam war - Essay Example Evidently, the issue has been viewed differently as the books that will be discussed highlight. Some authors attribute the American to poor decision-making, and lack of support from the congress. Notably, several factors fuelled the failure, as this paper will indicate. Howard Zinn bases his argument on the origin, the course, and the end of the Vietnam War. Zinn sees the Vietnamese as an experienced side that had waged successful wars against the French and the Japanese. In his book â€Å"A People’s History of the United States,† Howard Zinn clearly manifests that even though Americans had the best technology and military artillery during the Vietnam War, America was destined for failure. Before their involvement in the Vietnam War, the U.S government did not seek the opinions of the people whom they represented (Zinn 440). As a result of lack of cooperation between the U.S government with her citizens in the middle of the war with a determined and organized opponent led to the inevitable defeat to America. The American citizens played a central role in the Vietnam War. It is during the war in Vietnam that America saw the greatest antiwar movements. The work of Howard Zinn, Zinn views the war in Vietnam in terms of failure and success. On one hand, Howard Zinn asserts that the American government failed and it was a victory both to the nationalists in Vietnam as well as the American Citizens who were opposed to the involvement of the government of the United States in the Vietnam War. The Vietnam War was supposed to end in the victory of America, and the spread of American Policy and supremacy. It never came to be. The U.S government, instead, settled for peaceful dissolution of the war (443). By residing in peace to end the Vietnam War, Howard Zinn further argues that the U.S government was sugarcoating defeat by the revolutionary nationalists in Vietnam. An additional author who has sought to discuss the same

Process Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Process Principles - Essay Example Mancala's Pizzas throughput time is 16.4 minutes. The company currently has excess capacity because demand averages at only 20 pizzas her hour (Appendix 2).However, it is estimated that the company's demand will double if delivery services are offered. This alternative is aimed at eliminating the bottleneck in Mancala's Pizza's production process. This will be done by assigning the tosser to mold the pizza shells prior to their use. It should be noted that as such, the assembly of ingredient and the tossing and molding of pizza will be eliminated in the new production process (Appendix 3). This will lessen the throughput time to 14 minutes per pizza. It will also allow the company to produce a maximum of 36 pizzas per hour which is based on the maximum capacity of its six ovens (Appendix 4). The main disadvantage of this alternative is the fact that the Mancala's Pizzas might encounter hesitance in the part of the tosser. It should be noted that in this new production process, the tosser is eliminated in the actual production process and will be coming before office hours. The company will also need to negotiate with the assembler as he needs to assemble the ingredients before it can be toss and molded by the tosser. Thus, he will also be assigned to come prior to operation hours and will still be there to assist in the operations to assemble the pizza. In this new process, Mancala's Pizza faces the risk of lowering the quality of its pizza. The freshness of the product might be adversely affected. Also, as pizza shells are dependent on the preference of the customers, the company needs to have an accurate estimate of demand per pizza shell in order for the assembler and tosser to produce the right ones. The company might either encounter wastage or shortage of inventory if the proper shells are not produced. 2. Mancala's Pizza will increase demand by delivering pizzas directly to customer. The delivery of Pizza is expected to double the demand for the company's products. This will be beneficial for Mancala's as it will generate more revenue and profits for its operations. It will also enable the business organization to fully utilize its resources and use its excess capacity. However, it should be noted that the current resources are not adequate to support a demand of 40 pizzas an hour. Assuming that alternative 1 is already in place, the company is limited to the production of 36 pizzas only which is determined by the capacity of its ovens (Appendix 4). Recommendation and Conclusion It is recommended that Mancala's Pizza push through with the two alternatives. Eliminating the bottleneck in production will allow the business orga

Hilton Hotels Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Hilton Hotels - Case Study Example 2The following are the roles that human resources have been played at the Hilton Hotels all over the world. Employees at the Hilton Hotels are extremely efficient in the delivery of services, the employees have been receiving training with an attempt to see to it that they are seen to be efficient, training is also a way by which workers are empowered and therefore this is a strategy aimed at achieving employee loyalty.3 Efficiency in economics refers to a situation in which a firm production process is optimum to avoid unnecessary expenses.4 Any guest visiting any of the Resorts leaves no room to complain after having been served by the company's employees who are highly trained. While inside the hotels the customers are attended to by the employees, who are on duty during the day and night. 5 All the 48000 rooms are fixed with telephones services just to ensure that the customers regardless of the status are attended to as he or she wishes. Orders made at the hotel Are delivered with the shortest time possible, this is mainly facilitated by the efficiency of the Chefs and the Waiters and the waitresses.6 The Hilton Hotel rooms are serviced daily and beddings and other e... fe saver attendants whose work is to ensure the safety of the guests enjoying their stay and taking a swim at the pool, should any emergency occur, the attendants who are at the pools at any time of the day and night attend to this and therefore reducing fatalities, a report on Five star Hotels in Europe showed that Hilton Resorts was top three in Efficiency with less that sixteen percent accidents 2006.Hilton Hotels therefore maintains high levels of efficiency.7 2. Customer satisfaction There are several ways to know whether a customer has been satisfied by the services and goods you are offering them, the aim of this findings is to ensure that those customers coming back and also is to see that customers responses are positive at all times. Customer's example tourists and government officials who visit various countries have been accommodated by Hilton Hotels. Various dignitaries including Presidents, ambassadors, have developed the tendency of making sure that they are booked to Hilton Hotels wherever they go, they shows that they have been getting satisfaction in the process of being the guest of the hotels. The human resources department in all the Hilton hotel resorts have trained their employees to ensure they impress their guests by way of ensuring that they are handled with care right from the time they show up at the reception with their luggage's being taken care of by attendants, and the Hotels have a policy of ensuring that each guest is assigned to a particular hospitable staff who attends to his or her need during the time period the customer stays at the hotel.8 The Hilton Hotel employee makes sure that their guests are extremely impressed with the services offered at the hotel. This ultimately ensures that the customers are satisfied with the

Womens Roles in A Dolls House

Womens Roles in A Dolls House CHAPTER I Background of Study Drama is one of literary works besides novel and poetry. Drama not only offers the reader an imitation of life but also helps them to understand the life, because life that is drawn in the drama is the reflection of society. All drama deals with some sort of problem, but the term ‘problem play’ refers to those plays concerned with specific social problem. (Peck,1947:88). From that quotation, shows that every play contains with some problems. In order that the reader can conceive contains of the play. Every problem is different, but all problems related with social problem that often occur in daily life. According to Drama A Pocket Anthology that Aristotle has relatively little to say about the theme of a play, simply nothing that â€Å"Thought of the personages is shown in everything to be effected by their language. Because he focuses to such a large degree on the emotional side of the tragedy-its simulation of pity and fear-he seems to give less importance to the role of drama as a serious forum for the discussion of ideas, referring his readers to another of his works. Theme, the central idea or ideas that a play discusses, is important in Greek tragedy and in the subsequent history of the theatre. (Campbell, 2004:13). Thus, it means that the theme of a play can be seen in personages language. The theme is the important thing to be discussesed in a play especially in Greek tragedy and in subsequent history of theatre. The theme is the idea of a common base that sustains a literary work contained in the text semantic structure and related equations or the differences (Hartoko in Nurgiyantoro, 2002: 68). The theme is shifted from the motives in the relevant work that determines the events, conflicts, and certain situations. Including the other intrinsic elements, for those reason it should be supporting the clarity theme to be conveyed. The theme became the basis of the development of the whole story, so it animates the whole part of the story. The theme has a common generalization, wider and abstract. One of the play that the writer choose to analyze is A Doll House. A Doll House is significant for its critical attitude toward 19th century marriage norms. It aroused great controversy at the time, as it concludes with the protagonist, Nora, leaving her husband and children because she wants to discover herself. Ibsen was inspired by the belief that a woman cannot be herself in modern society, since it is an exclusively male society, with laws made by men and with prosecutors and judges who assess feminine conduct from a masculine standpoint. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Dolls_House) This play, one of the works by Henrik Ibsen was written in 1879 and caused a huge controversy even before its premiere at the Theatre Royal Copenhagen. It sold out in the two and a half weeks between its first publication and performance and was considered scandalous by those in authority, both in its treatment of marriage and for the fact that the heroine stands up for herself. http://www.benchtheatre.org.uk/plays90s/dollshouse.php. Ibsen was a major 19th-century Norwegian playwright, theatre director, and poet. He is often referred to as the godfather of modern drama and is one of the founders of Modernism in the theatre. His plays were considered scandalous to many of his era, when Victorian values of family life and propriety largely held sway in Europe. Ibsens work examined the realities that lay behind many facades, possessing a revelatory nature that was disquieting to many contemporaries. It utilised a critical eye and free enquiry into the conditions of life and issues of mo rality. (http://www.benchtheatre.org.uk/plays90s/dollshouse.php#author). Especially in A Doll House, Ibsen explores about women roles in domestic life that should face by Nora as the wife of Torvald in that play. The story tells about the domestic life of Torvald and Nora Helmer. In her life, Nora as the main character, faced the problem that made her did not free in her life. Her husband, Torvald always curb her, started when the Christmas event. When Nora prepared all the necessary, Torvald accused her for spending too much money for that event. He thought that it was for exaggerate thing because in his opinion did not appropriate with the society. Besides the financial matters depend on how the wife manages it and as a wife should manages it carefully. This is an interesting play that can be analyzed through structural approach. The writer choose the women roles in domestic life in A Doll House drama by Henrik Ibsen to analyze with the theme of the play because the whole story is contains of women roles that the main character faced in the domestic life. Beside that the writer choose this topic because in the previous study from student of Petra Christian University entitled A Study of Nora’s Disappointment as A Woman Toward Social Expectations that are Represented By Her Father and Her Husband (Helmer) As Seen in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House. There have been analyzed about the factors that make Nora disappointed toward the expectation of her father and her husband. She also encouraged to find out how Nora solves her disappointment by using literary devices such as characterization and conflict. (Olivia, 2005:V) The writer is interested in analyzing A Doll House by applying structural approach to reveal women roles in domestic life in A Doll House. There are two roles that the writer wants to reveal from this play, they are women as financial manager and women as housewife. Statement of The problem Based on the background of the study. The problem can be formulated as follow: What are women roles at Domestic life in A Doll House? 1.3 Objective of The study Based on the statement of the problem above of the problem, there is such of the objective of this study: To know the women roles in domestic life in A Doll House? 1.4 Significance of the study This study has two significances; they are theoretically and practically. Theoretically, this study can be useful for those who concern with literature especially for those who are interested in analyzing literary works using thematic analysis. Practically, this study will contribute to know the theory of literature. Especially, this study expected to give the readers the understanding of women roles in domestic life(†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..). 1.5 Scope and Limitation The elements of drama are divided into two, intrinsic elements and extrinsic elements. This study will discuss about the intrinsic elements of fiction such as the theme, plot, and character characterization. The scope of this study focuses on the theme related to Nora’s character in A Doll House. This study limited on on the main character and some supprorting character such as Tolvard Helmer. The writer use theory † A History of Women in the west†. To avoid moving away from main discussion, this is study is limited on two aspect in theory † A History of Women in the west†. by Francoise Thebaud such as women as housewife, and women as the financial manager. 1.6 Research Method 1.6.1 Research Design This study is in the form of literary analysis. This study is designed as descriptive qualitative research. Firstly analyze the play itself by concerning on women roles in domestic life is in A Doll House†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Then the writer concludes there are two roles in this study. The identifying will be done while reading purpose to find out the point related to women roles in Nora’s character. 1.6.2 Approach To do analysis in this study is applied the literary approach. The writer used structuralism approach. Structuralism can be viewed as one of the literary approach that emphasizes the study of the relationship between elements of the development literature is concerned (Abrams in Nurgiantoro, 2002:37). Structural analysis of literary works, which in this case fiction, can be done by identifying, assessing and describing the functions and relationships between the intrinsic elements of fiction is concerned. Identify and describe how the state of events, plot, character and characterization, setting, poin of view etc. (Nugiantoro, 2002:37) 1.6.3 Source of data This study analyzes A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen as the main data. The play was publised in 1879 in Norway. The book that will be analyzed is A Penn State Electronic Classics Series Publication Copyright  © 2001-10 The Pennsylvania State University, which consists of 80 pages of 3 acts. The data will form of sentences and statements that related to women roles from the play. 1.6.4 Steps of Collecting Data The technique of collecting data in this study will be done in sequences as follows: Reading and understanding the contents of the original play that would be analyzed. Identifying the statements of the play about the women roles in domestic life in that support the data. Collecting the data that are suitable with women roles. Classifying the data based on the statement of the problem. 1.6.5 Technique of analyzing data After collecting the data, the writer continues with the next is analyzing the data. The following steps are. Analyzing the women as financial manager Analyzing the women as housewife. Making the conclusion based on the data analysis. The writer analyze the data through interpretation by using description and explanation. In writing this study, the writer applies intrinsic approach dealing with theme, plot, character, and characterization. 1.7 Definition of Key Terms There are some terms that must be explained to make those terms clear. Those terms are : Domestic life: One who lives in the family of an other, as hired household assistant, a house servant. http://www.definitions.net/definition/domestic Structural analysis of literary works, which in this case fiction, can be done by identifying, assessing and describing the functions and relationships between the intrinsic elements of fiction is concerned. Identify and describe how the state of events, plot, character and characterization, setting, point of view etc. (Nugiantoro, 2002:37) Thesis Organization The organization of the study is arranged into four chapters. The first chapter consists of six parts; background of the study, statement of the problems, objectives of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, research method that consist of research design, research approach, source of data, technique of collecting data, and steps of analyzing data. The second chapter discusses about the theorical background of the work or called review of related literature which contains the theories that are use in the analysis, which is analyzing the the women roles in domestic life that is described in A Doll House. The third presents the analysis that would be core of the study. And the last chapter or fourth chapter is the conclusion of the study and as a result of the analysis in this study. 1

Hitler’s Years Before the War Essay --

"I will employ my strength for the welfare of the German people, protect the Constitution and laws of the German people, conscientiously discharge the duties imposed on me and conduct my affairs of office impartially and with justice to everyone.† (Bradley n.pag.) Quote by Adolf Hitler, being sworn in as Chancellor of Germany, in 1933 to the German people. This and other famous speeches are how Hitler was voted in to power in Germany through peaceful speeches and rallies. Many people just believed that all Germans were evil just because of whom they voted into office before the war and that just because they were German they all hated Jews. The Germans voted Hitler in because it was during the Depression and times were hard for people who had little faith in their government giving Hitler a perfect chance to take power. Through speeches and peaceful rallies he had most of the German people in his favor giving him a quick and sort of harmless rise to power that eventually went bad. In the late 20s after his release from prison Hitler decided to take Germany in a more peaceful w...

Alzheimers Effect On The Brain Health And Social Care Essay

Alzheimer ‘s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative upset of the encephalon that consequences in damage of memory and decrease in the ability in logical thinking, planning, linguistic communication, and besides perceptual experience. [ 3 ] It is considered as one of the most common types of dementedness and it accounts for an estimated 60 to 80 per centum of instances. This is due to the increasing figure of impairment of nervus cells in the encephalon. Therefore, figure of synapses lessenings and causes the information transportation at the synapses begins to neglect lead to cells dice. [ 2 ] There are several hazard factors in this instance. Most experts agree that the greatest hazard factor for Alzheimer ‘s disease is progressing age but it is non a normal portion of aging. [ 2 ] Besides, it has been proven that Alzheimer ‘s disease is caused by a combination of factors, including familial heritage, environmental factors, diet and overall general wellness significance that no individual cause for it. [ 7 ] There has no current remedy for Alzheimer ‘s disease and no proved intervention to decelerate its patterned advance. However, interventions for symptoms can so be used to detain its oncoming. [ 5 ] Therefore, to get the better of the increasing figure of developing Alzheimer ‘s disease, I have considered the usage of cholinesterase inhibitors ( 287 ) The symptoms of Alzheimer ‘s disease can be divided into two chief classs which are â€Å" cognitive symptoms † and â€Å" behavioural and psychiatric symptoms † . I would wish to concentrate on the intervention for the cognitive symptoms which affect memory, linguistic communication, opinion, planning, ability to pay attending and besides other thought procedures. [ 3 ] Cholinesterase inhibitors are effectual in increasing the degrees of acetylcholine in the encephalon, which is critical in memory and acquisition. They delay the oncoming of declining symptoms for 6 to 12 months in about half of the people who take it. [ 9 ] FDA has presently approved the usage of four cholinesterase inhibitors, tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine. [ 11 ] Some of these drugs work best in the earlier phases while some are reserved for the ulterior phases. In clinical surveies, all cholinesterase inhibitors work every bit good by increasing the sum of acetylcholine in the encephalon or by heightening nervus cell ‘s response to it. [ 10 ] Among all, donepezil is the lone drug that can be used to handle all phases of Alzheimer ‘s disease, from mild to severe. It is taken one time a twenty-four hours and has modest benefits at best. However, persons with Down ‘s syndrome who are over 40 old ages old are excluded as the karyon basalis of Meynert in patients with Down ‘s syndrome contains fewer nerve cells than in normal comparing topics. This causes the symptoms of Alzheimer ‘s patients with Down ‘s syndrome to acquire worse. [ 18 ] ( 529 ) â€Å" The efficaciousness of donepezilA was demonstrated in a 24-week double-blind survey in which patients with mild to chair AD were indiscriminately assigned to donepezil ( 5 or 10 mg/day ) or placebo. Cognition, as measured by the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale, cognitive subscale ( ADAS-cog, and the Clinician ‘s planetary evaluations were significantly improved in both intervention groups compared with placebo. There was no consistent consequence noted on patient-related quality of life steps. † hypertext transfer protocol: //www.uptodate.com/patients/content/topic.do? topicKey=~iqpTJo3u3dzUoc, retrieved on 5 September 2010 The initial dose should be started at a lower sum which is 5mg one time day-to-day for donepezil and increased to 10mg daily after one month of ingestion. Then, the titration can so be preceded to the maximal dosage. There is grounds shown that patients with higher doses had better results compared to those with lower doses. However, patients with maximal dose should be carefully monitored to avoid any side effects such as sickness. If patient with maximal dose achieved satisfactory consequences so it should be continued. [ 19 ] The above graph shows that the alteration from baseline on ADSD ( Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale ) of donepezil and placebo group. [ 15 ] ( 739 ) The cholinesterase inhibitors although non the remedy, there are benefits shown that bettering the symptoms even for advanced Alzheimer ‘s disease. However, the exact doses need to be on a regular basis monitored to extinguish the side effects of cholinesterase inhibitors. [ 16 ] These medicines do non work for all patients ] Without ongoing usage of cholinesterase inhibitors, status of patients will deteriorate over a period of 4 to 6 hebdomads until they reach the same point where patient has non taken the drug. [ 17 ]Social and Economic ImplicationPatients with Alzheimer ‘s disease tend to bury things easy due to the increasing figure of nervus cells deteriorate. Therefore, they may bury to take their medicine and causes unwanted consequence. Most of them will happen it hard to keep a occupation or even care for themselves and therefore causes great load to households and friends, particularly their loved 1s. Furthermore, patients will experience down when they are con fronting more and more trouble pass oning about their experience. As a consequence, symptoms of unwellness go undetected and cause infection in other variety meats and therefore physical uncomfortableness may be expressed through behaviour. The drugs do work when the knowledge is maintained ; patients can retrieve better and be able to get by with behaviors. Hence, health professionals, friends and household are playing imperative function in supplying aid and support to person covering with Alzheimer ‘s disease. In add-on, patients require great attachment to intervention which would do immense fiscal load and economic impact. Harmonizing to WHO, Alzheimer ‘s disease is the most dearly-won compared to other major chronic conditions. [ 20 ] The betterment after utilizing medicines might be minimum. However, some surveies show that these medical specialties do assist in a long tally. [ 21 ] For illustration, donepezil 10mg day-to-day costs around A $ 400.64, though expensive but deserving with high effectivity. [ 22 ] Like other diseases, Alzheimer ‘s disease patients need ongoing intervention as betterment will worsen after halting taking in medicine. This would take to uninterrupted cost and therefore finance from other healthcare resources is extremely desirable in this instance. ( 1065 )The chart shows that the cost for handling Alzheimer ‘s disease is the highest. [ 20 ]The graph above shows that the cost for caring of people with Alzheimer ‘s disease is expected to increase for the following 40 old ages. [ 23 ]( 1143 )Benefits and HazardsCholinesterase inhibitors are effectual in bettering knowledge, behavior and therefore cut downing health professional emphasis. [ 24 ] This is due to the increasing sum of acetylcholine though they can ne'er change by reversal the devastation of encephalon cells. Improvement with these medicines might be minimum but people have the opportunity to take meaningful lives once more with the better memory and thought abilities. However, they might besides enforce side effects to human wellness such as dyspepsia, loss of appetency and weight loss. Therefore, exercising and balanced diet are besides of import. Regular physical exercising can take down the hazard of Alzheimer ‘s because it may profit encephalon cells by increasing blood and O flow. [ 25 ] The chief job is caused by the dose titration. Every titration should be started at low titration and if necessary merely preceded to maximal dose to obtain maximal status. Most of the drugs are used to handle mild to chair except for donepezil which can used to handle all phases. Furthermore, these medicines are non recommended for usage in MCI ( Mild Cognitive Impairment ) as grounds shows the increased hazard of injury, including decease. [ 19 ] Furthermore, some patients tend to bury to take these medicines for the interest of extinguishing possible side effects. This consequences in the impairment of status of patients and increases the hazard of backsliding of symptoms. ( 1210 )BenefitNo of responsesPercentage of all responsesPercentage of people describingSlowed/stabilized unwellness104525 %39 %Happier/brighter/more aware/more active55013 %21 %Improved/helped memory loss49112 %18 %Calmer/less aggressive3248 %12 %More independent/taking attention of personal demands2386 %9 %Showed an involvement in things2195 %8 %Improved conversation/speech1874 %7 %Less confused/better apprehension1834 %7 %Better quality of life1373 %5 %Restored/more confident1052 %4 %The tabular array besides shows that the betterment of patient after taking medicines. [ 7 ]( 1426 )Alternate TreatmentsMental Stimulationâ€Å" Harmonizing to the 2008 Wall Street Journal reappraisal â€Å" Neurobics and Other Brain Supporters, † A an active, stimulated encephalon reduces your odds of developing Alzheimer ‘s. Those who remain engaged in activities affecting multiple undertakings, necessitating communicating, interaction, and organisation, who continue larning, and invar iably challenge their encephalons earn the greatest protection. † hypertext transfer protocol: //www.helpguide.org/elder/alzheimers_prevention_slowing_down_treatment.htm, retrieved on 7 September 2010 Alzheimer ‘s disease can ne'er be cured but it can be prevented or delayed by this method. Mental stimulation is well-known for non merely a powerful preventative manner but can besides decelerate down the disease. Surveies carried out in China have shown that nonreaders were five times more likely to get AD than high school alumnuss. [ 27 ] Besides, this intervention was supported by a Chicago survey affecting 90 patients. It was reported that those patients who got frequent cognitive activity were approximately 0 % less likely to develop Alzheimer ‘s disease than those with small or no cognitive activity. [ 31 ] Any signifier of mental exercisings such as playing cards, Sudoku or even analyze a foreign linguistic communication can maintain on supplying encephalon to larn something new every twenty-four hours. Besides, memorisation can be practiced. For case, rimes and forms can be created to beef up memory connexions. [ 26 ]Electroconvulsive Therapy ( ECT )ECT is a tech nique that induces a ictus by directing electric current to the encephalon of patients causes alterations in the encephalon chemical science when patients are given muscular relaxant. However, it can do impermanent short term memory loss despite being really effectual in handling terrible AD. [ 28 ] Unilateral ECT is believed to do less memory loss compared to bilateral ECT. [ 29 ] ECT is done when all the possible interventions fail. Harmonizing to Vaughn McCall, professor and president of ( 1718 ) the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Medicine, â€Å" Quality of life and map are improved in ECT patients every bit early as two hebdomads after the decision of ECT. â€Å" [ 30 ] Therefore, the ability of operation of encephalon can therefore better. NICE, an arm of Britain ‘s National Health Service, said ECT should be used â€Å" merely to accomplish rapid and short-run betterments of terrible symptoms after other intervention options have failed and/or when the status is considered to be potentially life endangering in persons with terrible depressive unwellness, catatonia or a drawn-out or terrible frenzied episode. † hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/11/041104011942.htm, retrieved on 7 September 2010EvaluationThe purpose of this website hypertext transfer protocol: //www.alz.org/alzheimers_disease_what_is_alzheimers.asp is to supply information about Alzheimer ‘s disease and to extinguish it through the promotion of research. Besides, it aims to supply and heighten attention and support for all affected. It is the largest private ; non-profit-making funder of Alzheimer research therefore any information on the site should be factual and dependable. This website hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/adfact.htm focal points on supplying scientific attempt to educate state to understand the nature of aging and to widen the healthy, active old ages of life. It provides leading in aging research, preparation, and wellness information and other plans relevant to older people. Information found on this web site should be legitimate as similar information is accounted by the other beginnings excessively. The Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Alzheimer ‘s disease by Serge Gauthier book provides the information about the world of Alzheimer ‘s disease that afflicts people of all states. It was written by the writer with the aid of Alzheimer Societies in pull offing patients and health professional ‘s demands. Therefore, information from this book should be precise. However, it may non be up-to-date as this book was published in 1996 and immense alterations might go on within these 14 old ages due to the intercession of engineering. ( 2001 )

The Life Of Mao Zedong Essays - Chinese Communists, Free Essays

The Life Of Mao Zedong Essays - Chinese Communists, Free Essays The Life Of Mao Zedong The Life of Mao Zedong Dressed in the drab military uniform that symbolized the revolutionary government of Communist China, Mao Zedong's body still looked powerful, like an giant rock in a gushing river. An enormous red flag draped his coffin, like a red sail unfurled on a Chinese junk, illustrating the dualism of traditional China and the present Communist China that typified Mao. 1 A river of people flowed past while he lay in state during the second week of September 1976. Workers, peasants, soldiers and students, united in grief; brought together by Mao, the helmsman of modern China. 2 He had assembled a revolutionary government using traditional Chinese ideals of filial piety, harmony, and order. Mao's cult of personality, party purges, and political policies reflect Mao's esteem of these traditional Chinese ideals and history. Mao was born on December 26, 1893 in Shao Shan, a village in Hunan Province. 3 His family lived in a rural village where for hundreds of years the pattern of everyday life had remained largely unbroken. 4 Mao's father, the son of a poor peasant, during Mao's childhood however, prospered and become a wealthy land owner and rice dealer. 5 Yet, the structure of Mao's family continued to mirror the rigidity of traditional Chinese society. His father, a strict disciplinarian, demanded filial piety. 6 Forced to do farm labor and study the Chinese classics, Mao was expected to be obedient. On the other hand, Mao remembers his mother was generous and sympathetic. 7 Mao urged his mother to confront his father but Mao's mother who believed in many traditional ideas replied that was not the Chinese way. 8 Mao in his interviews with historian Edgar Snow reports how during his childhood he tried to escape this traditional Chinese upbringing by running away from home. The rebellion Mao claims to have manifested might have distanced Mao physically from his family but, traditional Chinese values were deeply ingrained, shaping his political and personal persona. His father's harshness with dealing with opposition, his cunning, his demand for reverence from subordinates, and his ambition were to be seen in how Mao demanded harmony, order, and reverence as a ruthless dictator. Yet, Mao, was also the kindly father figure for the people of China, as manifested in characteristic qualities of Mao's mother: kindness, benevolence, and patriarchal indulgence. The China that Mao was born into was fast becoming a shell of its former past. The Ch'ing dynasty which had ruled China for 250 years was only 14 years away from its collapse. 9 Peasant rebellions, famines, and riots heralded its failing. For Mao, one particular event when he was just ten years old, left a lasting impression. It both symbolized the deterioration of order in Chinese traditional society and was in sharp contrast to principles of harmony. A group of local villagers rioted for food during a famine in 1903. The leaders were captured, beheaded, and their heads displayed on poles as a warning for future rebels. 10 Amidst the change that quaked the Chinese nation and Mao's family's economic situation, 11 Mao sought solace in books about Chinese history and its emperors. 12 He became known in his family as, the scholar. As a child [I was] fascinated by accounts of the rulers of ancient China: Yao, Shun, Ch'in Shih Huang Ti, and Hu Wu Ti, and read many books about them. 13 Indeed, the emperors grandeur, elegance and power were a sharp contrast to the brutish leaders that Mao was exposed to during his childhood. 14 Yao and Shun are credited with forming the first Chinese society in the Yellow River Valley; Ch'in Shih Huang Ti unified the Chinese empire and built the Great Wall of China; Han Wu Ti solidified the foundation of the Han Empire. 15 In the turmoil that China was to undergo, particularly after Mao became the head of the Communist party, we will see how he was guided by traditional Chinese values and the history of the emperors provided him with a map for the future. 16 However, at first, he did not seem strongly focused on history or philosophy. During the next ten years, 1909-1918, Mao drifted. In 1909 at the age of 16, he left home to attend school in Hsiang. 17 In 1911, he enlisted in the Army for six months after which he moved to Changsha the capital of Hunan Province where he stayed until 1918. 18 While in Changsha, he tried numerous schools. 19 Finally, he enrolled at the Hunan Normal School, graduating in 1918. 20 Mao's mother's died in 1918,

Ernest Rutherford Essays - Radioactivity, Alpha Particle

Ernest Rutherford Essays - Radioactivity, Alpha Particle Ernest Rutherford Rutherford was born on August 30, 1871, in Nelson, New Zealand. He was educated at the University of New Zealand and the University of Cambridge. He was a professor of physics at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec from 1989 to 1907. He was also professor at the University of Manchester in England. After 1919 he was professor of experimental physics and director of the Cavendish Lab at the University of Cambridge moreover held a professorship, after 1920, at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in London. Rutherford stated that an atom consists largely of empty space, with an electrically positive nucleus in the center and electrically negative electrons orbiting the nucleus. He identified the 3 main components of radiation and named them alpha, beta, and gammy rays. Alpha particles are actually the nuclei of helium atoms. Each alpha particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons, with a charge of 2+ and a mass of 4 atomic mass units. On the average, their speed is about 1/10 the speed of the light. Usually they travel only a few centimeters through air. They can be stopped by a single sheet of paper. Alpha particles electrically charge molecules in the air through which they travel. Beta particles consist of streams of electrons traveling at very high speeds, often approaching the speed of light. They have a mass of 0.000 55 atomic mass unit and a charge of 1-. They have a greater power to penetrate than alpha particles but less electrical charge ability. Beta particles can be s topped by a thin sheet of aluminum. Gamma rays are type of electromagnetic radiation. They are similar to X rays but have greater penetrating power than X rays, alpha or beta particles. It takes several centimeters of lead and an even greater thickness of iron to block gamma rays. Gamma rays, like alpha and beta particles, can ionize atoms they strike. His study of radiation led to his formulation of the theory of atomic structure, which was the first to describe the atom as adense nucleus about which electrons circulate in orbits. He conducted his most important experiment in nuclear physics when he bombarded nitrogen gas with alpha particles and obtained atoms on oxygen isotope and protons. This transmutation of nitrogen into the oxygen was the first artificially induced nuclear reaction. It inspired he intensive research of later scientists on other nuclear transformations and on the nature and properties on radiation. In his experiment, Rutherford used the setup shown in the next page. As shown in the drawing, Rutheford used a very thin sheet of gold as a target. On one side of the foil was a lead box containing a radioactive particle. A small hole in the box permitted a narrow stream of alpha particles to shoot out. These particles were directed at right angles to the surface of the foil. Surrounding the foil was a screen coated with zinc sulfide. Each time an alpha particles hit this coating, a flash of light, it was possible to see whether the alpha particles that passed through the foil had been deflect ed. Rutherford and the British physicist Fedrick Soddy developed the explanation of radioactivity that scientists accept today. The rutherford, a unit of radioactivity was named in his honor. Royal Society in 1903 and served as president of that institution from 1925 through 1930. His successful experiment led him to be fellow of Royal Society. He awarded Nobel Prize in chemistry. He died in London on October 19, 1937, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. He also published many books. He wrote the book Radioactivity in 904 : Radiation from Radioactive Substances in 1930, which he wrote with British physicists Sir James Chadwick and Chales Drummond Ellis, and which has become standard text; and The Newer Alchemy in 1937. His experiment brought new ideas of radiation by identifying three main radioactive particles. A lot of scientist in today studies radioactivity according Rutherford?s theory.

Contract Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contract Law - Essay Example In some cases, it occurs that an individual fraudulently represents themselves to the other party as the owner of goods of another identifiable person. The law on the cases relating to such kind of conducts euphemistically describe them as cases of â€Å"mistaken identity†. However, such a description is often insufficient and unsatisfactory. A considerable number of judges are reported saying that the United Kingdom law is in a â€Å"sorry condition â€Å"regarding this legal aspect and that it is only the Parliament or the Lordship House that can remedy the situation.3 This paper focuses on these arguments by analyzing a case law, legal issues involved in it, and the legal issues involved in the case. Particularly, the paper will focus on Shogun Finance Ltd v Hudson [2003] UKHL 62 and the legal issues involved in the situation described by Lord Nicholls of Birkenhead. The law of contract describes a mistake as a belief erroneously created in a contract that specific facts relating to all or some parts of the contract are true whereas they are not. Usually, if such a mistake is found to exist in a contract, then that particular contract is rendered void.4 Lord Denning, in the case of Lewis v Avery held that a contract can be void if the plaintiff can prove that at the time of entering the agreement, he or she had believed that the identity of the defendant (the other party) was of critical importance because a plain belief is not adequate.5 The common law has identified only three forms of mistakes that can arise from a contract: the common mistake, the mutual mistake, and the unilateral mistake. From this identification it is clear that the mistake of identity does not exist. It is important to point out that none of the identified mistakes has adequately covered mistake of identity. This explains why there has been increasing concern regarding the description of the case by law as being unsatisfactory.6 A closer look of the case law shows that mista ken identity cases are few in number and do not occur in increasing frequency like the other types of mistakes. Nonetheless, this does not mean that mistaken identity is not a critical legal aspect in law of contract. As a matter of fact, mistaken identity cases are very crucial as they (just like other types of mistakes) amount to breach of contract if they occur and therefore it is important that it is addressed once and for all. Besides, a key objective of law is to achieve equity and justice. As such, failing to remedy the â€Å"sorry condition† of law covering mistaken identity cases will defeat the very of law as it may lead to unjust rulings.7 Often, cases of mistaken identity happen in simple contracts, that is, contracts formed without involvement of any legal formalities. Partnership agreements and sale of goods contract mostly take the dimension of simple contracts. Sales of goods are the most prone and mistaken identity cases frequently arise from sale of goods co ntract. The principle of nemo dat non quod habet forms the major interplay in the mistaken identity cases. This principle is a fundamental legal axiom that implies â€Å"no one [can] give what one does not have† and that â€Å"a person can only give as good a title as one possesses†

The Future of the Coastguard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Future of the Coastguard - Essay Example Apart from that, its function as a search and rescue service and as an environmental monitoring and protection one, cannot be underestimated or undervalued. The coast guard is essential in the life of any coastal or island country and its importance is expected to increase. While there are hardly any who are not aware of the presence, aims and objectives of all of the army, the navy and the air force, only a handful of people have a similar awareness of the coastguard. Although some countries, such as the United States, Canada and Japan, define the coast guard as a division of the national military, its importance is generally underestimated (LaGuardia-Kotite and Ridge, 2006). Popular understanding of the coast guard is that it acts as a vessel and life rescue service and, in some instances, to monitor fishing across the national coastlines and waters. This understanding barely touches upon the duties, responsibilities, aims and objectives of both civilian and military coast guard services, nor does it even hint at the fact that the coast guard, in the first and last, is primarily responsible for coastal and port security. In other words, the responsibilities and functions of the coast guard directly tie in with national security (LaGuardia-Kotite and Ridge, 2006). This research paper, which shall highlight the multiple functions of the coast guard s... n, shall, hopefully, illustrate that insofar as coastal countries are concerned, the coast guard plays an invaluable and vital role; a role which directly contributes to increased national security. Historical Background The Coast Guard first emerged in the early nineteenth century and in direct response to an ever growing need to protect coastal areas from smugglers, not to mention rescue services for vessels and fleets in distress (LaGuardia-Kotite and Ridge, 2006). While there is, currently, hardly a coastal country which does not have a coast guard service, tracing its history in the United Kingdom is particularly informative, not just because the first coast guard service emerged in that country but because both civilian and military division of the UK coast guard functioned, and to a degree continues to function, as the model for the same in coastal nations across the world (Thoreaux, 2006). Prior to expanding upon the genesis of the coastguard and over viewing its historical evolution in Britain, it is interesting to point out that the United States Coastguard strenuously maintains that the historical roots of this service lie in the United States (Beard, 2004). According to this argument, the outbreak of conflict between the United States and Britain regarding the colonisation of North America, is directly responsible for the evolution of the coastguard. In 1740, with the outbreak of the aforementioned war, military commanders realised the imperatives of stationing men along strategic coastal areas for "look-out" duties (Beard, 2004, p. 78). These men were supposed to keep watch over the impending arrival of enemy vessels and to warn the army (Beard, 2004). Insofar as the function of these men was the protection of coastal areas against the possible

Technology - Voice Recognition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Technology - Voice Recognition - Essay Example The historical development of speech recognition technology spans at least 50 years. These years can be divided into decades, which most researchers would identify as generations. The 1950s and the 1960s was the period of first generation speech recognition technologies. The market condition for the technology during and immediately preceding periods was not favorable because it was only during the latter part of the 1990s when the technology became cheap and made available to many consumer markets. The late 1960s through the 1970s saw the second-generation technology; the late 1970s through 1980s were for the third generation and so forth. One of the earliest speech recognition technologies include the system for isolated digit recognition developed by the American company Bell Laboratories as well as the technology developed by RCA Laboratories that recognized distinct syllables spoken by a speaker. (Chen and Jokinen, 2010, p. 2) These technologies, including the succeeding attempts of various laboratories were classified as Automatic Speech Recognition or ASR systems, which are primarily based on acoustic phonetic systems. The second generation technologies entailed several breakthroughs. Most of the systems developed used dynamic programming methods such as the Viterbi algorithm, which became indispensable technique in ASR. (Chen and Jokinen, p. 3) Many companies began developing their own speech recognition technologies such as IBM and others companies overseas such as Japan and the then Soviet Union. By 1980s, the third generation has already perfected technologies that that could recognize a fluently spoken stri ng of connected word in addition to the development of various other models such as the statistical modeling and the continuous speech recognition concept developed by DARPA. (p. 4) From the 1990s to the present the development became robust as other technologies that

The Effects of Hip Hip on Our Culture Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Hip Hip on Our Culture Essay The Effects of Hip-Hop in Our Culture There are many differing opinions on whether or not Hip-Hop has a detrimental effect on our culture and youth today. The question I ask is whether it is life portraying art, or art portraying life? Anytime there is an increase in crime, and a decrease in the number of high school graduates there must be something left to blame. Although it may seem easy to say that the media has an effect on the way we see things around us, to what extent is that true? I grew up during the rise in Hip-Hop and believe that it does have both a positive and negative effect on my generation. Early Hip-Hop was viewed as a way for young urban New Yorkers to freely express themselves. It was a new art form accessible to anyone. You didn’t need a lot of money or expensive resources to rap. You didn’t have to invest in lessons, it was a verbal skill that with enough practice anyone could perfect (www. daveyd. com/rapphist3). Another reason hip hop became popular is because there were no set rules. Anyone could rap about anything as long as you were original and rhymed to the beat (www. daveyd. com/rapphist4). Those facts still are true today. If you went into an inner city public school you may be surprised at the number of young children who aspire to become rap artist. In the Black community music, dance, and art is at the forefront of our culture. Many of these traditions are due to our African Heritage, and will probably remain embedded in us for generations to come. Hip hop has created a lot opportunities for black businesses, and entrepreneurship. It has created wealth for Artists that were born in and lived much of their lives in financial hardship. They are given a record deal and many become rich almost instantly. This may have an adverse effect on young impressionable adults. Fancy cars, Enormous jewels, expensive clothing, and the most beautiful women from around the world fill music videos and other media outlets that cover Hip-Hops culture. The lyrics in most songs today express the benefits of being rich, being famous, and having anything that you desire with no discretion or consequence. The agony in this is that everyone wants to me a Millionaire. Are we really afforded the opportunities that we hear about, see portrayed, and even sing along to? For a lot of young adults the answer is yes. With little education, not a lot of money and a few good hooks they also can be a millionaire or wealthy. Hip-Hop not only sells records but also dreams. Young adults idolize Hip-Hop artists and believe that they should also have the things that they were able to obtain. Hip-Hop has also caused controversy about the way women are portrayed in videos and also within the lyrical content of its music. I personally believe that if a woman is in a video doing provocative things and dressed in an inappropriate manner that is her choice. These women choose to put themselves in these situations. I also believe that certain language used to described women in many songs are offensive but we all have a right to freedom of speech. Reality is there are women who don’t respect themselves as society expects them to. More women today are open with their sexuality and may view what was once taboo as okay. Some women see it as a profession that they are being paid to do, what you see in a video is simply acting and not who they really are. Hip-Hop is an art and we sometimes loose sight of that. Just as in movies, something’s are fiction, just a figure of imagination. The media overall has an influence in our society. Music, television, magazines, and newspapers, all play apart and how we perceive ourselves, others, and the world around us. The way an individual interprets things are solely based on their own opinions, views, and lifestyles. The Media feeds you information and everyone digests it differently. So, the question remains does life imitate art of does art imitate life? In Hip-Hop the answer is art imitates life. The images that are seen and the lyrics that are heard are simply an artist painting a picture of the world around them. The picture isn’t always pretty or relatable but its life. It’s the issues that go unaddressed by our government, it’s the stories of poverty, it’s the pain that a lot of young adults feel, it’s the dreams of making it, and for some just a good beat to dance to. It is the responsibility of parents to censor what they allow their children to watch, read and listen to. Home is the first influence in our lives. We are a product of our environment and so is Hip-Hop.

The Development Strategies Of Budget Hotels In China Marketing Essay

The Development Strategies Of Budget Hotels In China Marketing Essay With rapid economic growth in China, the Chinas tourism industry has entered a huge stage of development. Such as mass tourism, individual travel, business travel has increased. Related data show that in 2020 there will be the number of tourists from the world to could reach 300 billion people. The market share is highest. According to the huge data, here is a huge market demand for budget hotel industry. At present Chinas tourism industry already entered the large-scale travel stage. The travellers are willing to accept clean, cheap, basic-service hotels. In order to meet Chinas tourism and business needs, the new trend is development of the international level of budget hotels. Here are some typical Chinas budget hotel chain such as Home Inns, Jin Jiang Inns, and 7 days Inns. They are use chain business model adapt to the China tourism industrys needs, the development will bring new opportunities for the hotel industry. The advantages of the budget hotel are the operational model i s small, the low-cost investment required, and easily developing chain business-make the hotels have a brand, customers, quality management based on low-cost investment. But the industry will face challenges by many local and foreign hotel competitors appear in the industry. And the budget hotel industry is in the preliminary stage, the concept of budget hotel is unclear, no standard industry rules, carefully dividing a market, and the marketing strategy also need to be development. The budget hotel industry has to develop marketing strategy to seek the road of sustainable development. In this paper, marketing strategy of budget hotel in China is the object of this study. I will evaluate the current situation of budget hotels industry in china, and analyze the problems in the budget hotel development. I will describe the marketing strategy of the Home Inns case study, using their successful marketing strategy to identify appropriate development strategies for budget hotels industry in China. I will focus on the marketing strategy theory from my BBA programme to analyze the actual problems and the successful industry cases such as Home Inns that will provide a great guiding to Chinas budget hotel industry have a new development strategy. Orientation The overview of China budget hotel industry In China the budget hotels is still a new concept. In Europe and the United States, the budget hotels are quite mature industry. It is compared with the full-service hotels form. But there is no form definition for budget hotel. We can accord the characteristics of the budget hotel to define the budget hotels is as follows: limited facilities and services; aimed at the travelers and business travelers market; standardized operation; the price is low usually below in 300 RMB in China (Table 1); branded network of hotels; located on major road networks or in secondary urban locations such as retail parks. They are generally good quality, service standards, the comfortable environment and value for money bedrooms designed and marketed in such a way as to appeal to the travelling public and is a cost-effective modern hotel business (Jones, 2002). Table 1- The Published Room Price of Home Inns Budget Hotels Room Bed Price Standard 1F Double: 15m2  ¥227 Standard King size 1F King size: 15m2  ¥227 Standard ¼Ã‹â€ 2F-4F ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ° Double: 15m2  ¥265 Business ¼Ã‹â€ 2F-4F ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ° King size:15m2  ¥265 (Source: Home Inn website) According to the Chinese budget hotel industry report 2011-2012, I saw the Chinas budget hotel industry has a rapid increase in market share. In 2011, the Market size grew 45 percent year-on-year to RMB26 billion and the number of budget hotels grew by almost 42.85 percent to 7,314. The industry is still in the big but not strong stage. For the market share, the total revenue of hotels in China has a concentration ratio just 37 percent in 2011. In future completion progression, the fast market expansion mainly through franchise chains, mergers and acquisitions. (China budget hotel industry report, 2011-2012. 2012) Analyzing the current business portfolio of the China budget hotels may use the Boston Consulting Group Approach (BCG) to measure market share and growth of their business. Here is a high-share business units in low-growth market is called Cash Cow. They need to develop strategies for growth. The hotels need growth if they are to compete more effectively, more satisfy their customers, and attract more professional staffs. The purpose of strategic planning is to find ways in which the budget hotel industry can best use its strengths to take advantage of attractive opportunities in the environment of the China budget hotel industry. (Armstrong Kotler, 2007) SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis is a useful tool to evaluate the businesss overall strengths (S), weaknesses (W), opportunities (O), and threats (T) (Table 2). It analyzes businesss markets and marketing environments and base objective to find attractive opportunities and identify environmental threats. The strengths and weaknesses are in the internal environment, and opportunities and threats are in the external environment. I will use this tool to analyze the current situation of the budget hotel industry strengths and weaknesses in the internal environment to determine which opportunities it is best. The goal is to match the industrys strengths to attractive opportunities, overcoming the weakness and minimizing the threats (Armstrong Kotler, 2007). The SWOT analysis can be very good response current situation of the industry. Strengths Internal capabilities that may help a company reach its objectives Weaknesses Internal limitations that may interfere with a companys ability to achieve its objectives Opportunities External factors that the company may be able to exploit to its advantage Threats Current and emerging external factors that may challenge the companys performanceTable 2-SWOT Analysis Internal External Positive Negative (Source: Text book Marketing: An Introduction, Figure 2.7) The strengths of China budget hotel business: Low cost investment: the cost of budget hotel is lower than other star hotels, the development is easy. Price advantage: the budget hotel can proved a lower price for good quality, service standards, the comfortable environment, and the bedrooms designed. Customer advantage: the low price of the budget hotels can better attract customers improving occupancy rates. Management advantages: budget hotel use chain business operation, it is easy to set up management model and adapt to market competition. Information advantages: easily set up their own network, customer service systems, and reservation system. Using modern technology can obtain more stable customer source. (Zhao Guo, 2006) The weaknesses of China budget hotel business: Huge numbers of budget hotels had flocked together in China. No standard competition model in the industry. Lack of clear market positioning Lack of standard management system Some budget hotels cheap equipment cannot meet the customers needs. (Meadin, 2010) The opportunities of China budget hotel business: There is a huge Market demand for growth in China. According the world tourism organization predict the worlds largest tourism country will be China in 2020. Now, the demand of the budget hotels increases along with the increase number of Chinese tourists and foreign tourists. (Meadin Website, 2010) Change of consumption idea and behavior. With the improvement of the living standard of Chinese people, the consumption idea and behavior began to improve. So there is a huge space for development. (Zhao Guo, 2006) The threats of China budget hotel business: There is so much competition for the China budget hotel industry. Foreign budget hotel into the Chinese market. And the brand of Chinese budget hotel continues to expand. There are a lot of potential competitors and substitute hotels. Crisis of confidence. Some budget hotel cannot meet the needs of customers such as cheap facilities, low service quality, and bad hotel operations. This made a negative impact for the budget hotel industry. Lack of professional human resource management. The rapid growth of budget hotel in China to make the lack of management model and professional staffs. (Zhao Guo, 2006) The features of China budget hotels The limitation of product: the core of the budget hotels is accommodation. They remove some unnecessary service to cut the cost. Quality of services and products: the budget hotels emphasize the comfortable of guest room facilities, clean and convenient environment, and service standards. Reasonable price of the budget hotels: the main target markets are tourists, students, business man etc. The price is usually below 300 RMB. (Table 1) Chain business operation: a lot of budget hotel use chain business model such as JinJiang Inns, Home Inns etc. This way can enhance brand value, expand business range. This is important difference between other star hotels. (Zhang, 2008) The problems of China budget hotel industry Lack of service standards The biggest problem of the budget hotel is no-standard service, poor facilities of some budget hotels, and difficult to meet the needs of the customers. Most of the budget hotels management does not reach the position, low service level, and the environment is not enough comfortable. Some budget hotel also operate old low-star hotel model. They are not professional for the budget hotels core of service. The definition of the budget hotel is safe, clean, providing basic life needs. The budget only is less investment and less supporting facilities. It is not to decrease the basic management of service quality. Budget hotels investment is less, but also need to have a standard rules and basic service quality and professional level. (Gao, 2009) Lack of brand awareness In China budget hotel industry, the brand awareness is not strong. Many of the budget hotels are individual operation that not build a scale business and brand effect. The development of individual operation by the price competition is negative for the development of the industry. The customers acknowledge of brand and choice of service brand gradually growth that has also become a kind of consumption habits. Now the most main competition is brand competition, if the hotels have not a brand image they will lose competitiveness power. Actively implement the brand strategy has become an important issue for the budget hotel management. At present, the most of the Chinas budget hotels did not build a scale business and also not use chain operation, except JinJiang Inns and Home Inns have brand and collectivization characteristic. There are few budget hotel create their own brand awareness. (Gao, 2009) Lack of professional human resource Lack of professional talents is a development bottleneck with the company size is continually expanding. The lack of professional talents can easily lead nonstandard service operation skills and poorly service quality. The team building and developing personnel sources from which to recruit potential employees is so important for the company development. The budget hotels need the employees who can handle a wider variety of responsibilities that training and developing managers is so important (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhar, Wright, 2009). The professional talent competition is so importance for budget hotel industry. In practice, the budget hotels are faced with the lack of professional talents. The human resources required of the budget hotels are one person who can on more jobs and more abilities manager but there is lack of human resource in the market. Therefore, the Chinas budget hotel industry will face the strong challenge from foreign brand and capital. Attracting talents and crea ting high quality management team is so important improvement for the China budget hotel industry. There only have the strong human resource development the budget hotel achieve the goals by service standard and operation standardization. (Gao, 2009) Difficult to build scale management The budget hotel industry is an emerging industry. Many owners dont have a lot of management experience. At the same time, the budget hotel both in size and in financial resources is limited. The development of the budget hotel industry is mainly at an individual operation situation, so the weak profits for owners and for customers is difficult to meet their requirements. The budget hotel industry need to change the management model is necessary. (Gao, 2009) No clear market segmentation In China many budget hotels do not have clear target market and or market segmentation that causes the market overlap or product design is not obvious difference so lack of different subdivided market demand for products and services. In China there have been no analyses on budget hotel clear division of products to meet different customers with customer demand for the industry. In foreign the budget hotel can be divided into three categories: full service hotel, budget hotel, and cheap hotel. The three levels of the price and the facilities is bigger difference. At present the product design of the Chinas budget hotel is single. There is no obvious difference of product and individuality characteristic. The different customers have different demand that reflected in product demand. There has a strong required for product differentiation. (Qiang, 2008) Research Methodology In this paper, I will use case study method. This project uses the Home Inns budget hotel in China. It is successful marketing strategy experience for the budget hotel market. And analyze the issues and current situation of the Chinas budget hotel industry. After analysis, I find some greatest marketing strategy for the industry help other hotels to find their own suitable development road. They have appropriate marketing strategies to compete with other competitors, and establish their own brand image. The main research contents: Introduction the research background and objectives, the structure of this project, and the significance of the research in this paper; Analysis of the current situation and business environment of the budget hotel industry, include the definition and characteristic of the budget hotel, and defining the problems of the budget hotel industry; Analysis of the marketing strategy of Home Inns, include the introduction of Home Inns and its successful marketing strategies. Reporting the findings, include develop the greatest marketing strategy for the budget hotel industry based on analysis of the Home Inns marketing strategy and the theory of marketing strategy. Data collection: I plan to gather information from the Primary data and secondary data. The secondary data has been collected include magazine, newspaper articles, books and internet articles or journals, and a thesis on a marketing strategy topic. The main data is based on the secondary data source. On the other hand, the primary data also been used include internal report and document from their owned Website of the companies. I also will collect some literature and theory based on my BBA courses include marketing management, strategy management, small business management, human resource management, and service operations management what factors help the budget hotel industry find the appropriate road to face the challenges and develop their own marketing strategies. Review of Literature Introduction of Home Inns In China, Home Inn was founded in 2002 that is the first budget hotel company for the 21st century. The vision of the company is wherever you go, you are always at home with professional and courteous service, comfortable rooms, convenient locations, and low prices that make attractive for leisure travelers and individual business who demand clean, comfortable and convenient environment of the budget hotel. Home Inn continues to rapidly expand its nationwide network of hotels. In November 2011, Home Inn launched a new hotel brand- Yitel for the middle-class and high-class market. They also completed the acquisition of an all ownership interest of Motel 168 hotel chain and have retained the Motel 168 brand in October 2011. In 2012, home Inns operated across 243 cities in China with a total of 1,682 hotels (Appendix-2). Their goal is to continue expanding to ensure whatever how large grows they will always keep the consistent quality and superior service that guide each hotel in the ho me Inns group (Overview of Home Inn, 2013). Home Inn is a largest budge hotel company in China with a 23.7% market share in 2012. (Appendix-3) The history of the Home Inn is Ji Qi one of Ctrip founders who founded a good business chance. Because Ji Qi noticed a lot of traveler complaints the price is so expensive of the hotels in the Ctrip Website. After some analysis and reaches he found in China the full-service star hotels is not economy and the cheap hotel is poorly quality. This opportunity let Ji Qi created a chain brand idea for the hospitality industry in China. So the Home Inns hotel brand is developed. (Ma Chen, 2008) Analysis of marketing strategy in Home Inns The brand of Home Inn hotel is rapid growth in a short period that has become a first budget hotel chain. Its successful management strategy will be used for other budget hotels in China. To subdivide the market segmentation The company must to divide the market segmentation to decide its clear market positioning strategy. The company designs the strategy to build the right relationships with the right customers. First the company need to identify a set of possible competitive advantages which to build a position, second step is company chooses the right competitive advantages, and last one step is the company selects an greatest positioning strategy. Then the company must to effectively communicate and deliver the chosen position to the market. Market positioning includes deciding how to best serve target customers and setting the competitive advantage for the company. Company positioning should be summarized in positioning statements that state the target segment, positioning concept, and specific points of difference. (Armstrong Kotler, 2007) The segment market will be the direction for Chinas budget hotel business in the future, said Ye Bingxi the senior public relations manager at Home Inns and hotel management Inc. (Wang, 2012) The market position of Home Inns is the middle and high-end business hotel for individual business and leisure travellers who need a comfortable and clean hotel room at right price, Home Inns is a good choice that allows you feel the warmth of your home. The market is more carefully segmented to target customers. The Home Inns provide basic living facilities, clean room, and the equipment is simple and reasonable for individual business and leisure travellers will get the comfortable, clean and safe hotel environment at the right price is around 200 RMB. The clear positioning is an important competitive advantage. The marketing positioning of Home Inns to highlight their own characteristic, such as the room design is very unique. The most direct impression of the Home Inns is warm, simple, and convenient. They deliver the unique products and service for customers best impression. (Su, Shen Zhong, 2009) To emphasize quality consistency The high quality also can mean high levels of quality consistency. Today many companies have turned customer-driven quality into a potent strategic power. Customer-centered companies define quality in terms of creating customer value and satisfaction. They want to create customer satisfaction and value that is necessary of consistently meeting customers needs (Armstrong Kotler, 2007). A good quality control is a system used by a manager to ensure that the finished services meet the needs of customers. Effective quality control is needed to set standards for the service quality range, measure actual performance, and compare that performance with established standards (Byrd Megginson, 2009). Attracting talents and building a high quality management team is so important for perform the established standards of the service quality and ensure the quality consistency. There is only the strong human resource development lead the budget hotel to achieve the goals by maintaining the service standard and operation standardization. For a chain business, the service quality control is so important. If you dont have a good standard of the hotel will not be able to assure the quality of the company brand. The Home Inns practice has great directed function. Standardized service is a huge challenge for budget hotel chains. Only the standardized service can help consistently service quality. The Home Inns have established an effective management system. There are external and internal factor. External factors include industry, product, service and marketing. Inside factor include human resources, management system and core competitiveness. The home inn have wrote standards and procedures have established their own service standards. The different departments and teams within our management work together to maintain strong internal control and strengthen focus on risk management. (Tang, 2007) To build strong brand In China mostly budget hotels are single business form, no scale formation without the brand. For a budget hotel the brand is powerful assets that must be carefully developed and managed. The strong brand provides a company with many competitive advantages can create big benefits. A powerful brand enjoys a high level of consumer brand awareness and loyalty. The brand exists in the minds of customers. The real value of a strong brand is its power to capture consumer preference and loyalty that expanding the market share. (Armstrong Kotler, 2007) The Home Inns created their own brand that direct represents the characteristic and culture of the business in the market. The well-known brand is based on the quality of the products and services that maximum to meet the needs of the consumers. Home Inns create their own brand mainly following several ways as: Fist, Home Inns on the brand name is fully considered the characteristic of the budget hotels. On the one hand, home reflects the warmth, comfortable, home feeling meet the customer psychological needs. On the other hand also reflects its convenient and expeditious such as quick reservation system, good traffic conditions customer can easily and quickly find Home Inns. Secondly, through the reasonable and rapid expanding, home Inns hotel chain in order to build the good image. Third, Home Inns more focus on the satisfaction of the brand. The Quality control always is in the expanded scale process. Survey of customer satisfaction is used to timely analyze the customers comments and opinions, and then plan the best solution strategy at the first time. Finally, in the information and technology society, Home Inns paid more attention to the promotion such as advertising and public relationship. Include print, radio, television, magazines etc. The building advertising is an important part in the Home Inns marketing and is also a modern communication to achieved good effect. The Home Inns hotel builds up a good corporate image in the industry. (Su, Shen Zhong, 2009) To perform the chain operation strategy The budget hotel industry has to use the chain operation value for the biggest value. Because the low price of the budget hotels they should be collectivization and chain operation way for obtain more market share and development space. The chain operation strategy has many advantages over independents. Home Inns is a leading economy hotel chain in Chain. Home Inn Company has clear market position, standardized service processes, daily operations management and supervision system can make a best chain forms. They also provide the strong financial support, and then the ideal chain brand is effectively created. Home Inns use regular chain and franchise chain to expand the market size and the numbers of the home inns hotel. There are nine service support for franchise business, such as brand support, sales support, engineering and maintenance, and chartered service, maintenance profit, standard manuals, training, hotel management and network technical support content to ensure the standard of service and replication, as well as the brand is effectively expand (Tang, 2007). By the end of 2010, Home Inns Company has a total of 674 hotels covering 121 cities in China. Under Home Inns chain mode, its total room number is 7,8231 (Appendix 4). Its average per hotel guest room number is 116. In 2010, annual average every hotel room revenue is RMB 144. Under the back ground of collectivization and standardized chain replication model, Home Inns budget brings a large scale chain like brand effect. (Baidu, 2013) Research Finding Home Inns success experiences maximum meet customers needs and the basic requirement such as convenient, comfortable, clean environment and through the brand strategy and chain strategy to realize the company development. Now here is some the development issues of the budget hotel industry in China such as no clear market segmentation and poor brand marketing. But with the rapid development of Chinese economy and the tourism industry, the demand of budget hotels become more and more strong in the market. There are some success marketing strategies for the industry from Home Inns. Differentiation strategy Differentiation strategy provides the budget hotel products and services that offer benefits different from other competitors. The aim is to achieve competitive advantage by offering better products or services at the same price. The success of a differentiation strategy is likely to be dependent on two key factors: identifying and understanding the strategic customer that focuses consideration on who the strategy is targeting; and identifying key competitors (Johnson, Scholes Whittington, 2008). In China most budget hotel is not clear on the market segmentation. The target market is single, no clear subdivision. Here the Homs Inns is good example for the industry they accord different age will be divided into the senior passenger market and youth passenger market segment, and also be divided according the occupation. So the budget hotel industry should accord the gender, income and other factors to design different budget hotel products and service to meet the needs of the consumers for obtaining the customers loyalty. At the same time, the features of the budget hotel are also important for the differentiation strategy. The budget hotels implement specialization strategy the characteristic factors to meet diversification of the consumer demand and required. They need to focus on the maintaining the general service characteristics such as economic, comfortable and convenient and at same time creating the significant personality characteristics such as new concept and new acc ommodation experience to attract consumers is the service extends to the spiritual aspects. For chain operation, each budget hotel has different regional resources and market conditions advantages that through the diversification reengineering will be make the best choice for the budget hotel chain management. (Huang, 2012) Actively promote Chain operation The chain operation is the main trend in the budget hotel industry. Home Inn is a biggest chain operation business in China. It is good to ensure the most important customers resources through the chain model. The business travelers will choose familiar brand when they need a hotel service in another city. So the key of the chain operation management is to open enough hotel stores in more and more city that keep the travelers can find themselves familiar brand in different cities. Fist, individual economic only have small profits, the budget hotel is difficult to obtain rapid development by single unit profit. The scale economy is consequentially development trend. Second, the hotel is in a specific space environment to the customer provide accommodation facilities and service industry. The hotel hardware facilities is fixed in the specific space so the single budget hotel sales has a larger space limitations, will seriously affect to attract customers. Now the consumers activity area presents a wide range feature. Single budget hotel only through chain operation to speed expand their business scale and through the scale business reduce transaction costs and management cost, and integration of internal resources, expand the brand influence, the market competition advantage can be achieved. The chain operation management is the necessary way for the budget hotel industry development in China. (zhao, 2007) Brand strategy Brand is the intangible assets of the budget hotel it can produce huge economic benefits. Brand strategy is very effective marketing strategy. Brand is the culture and the unique advantages of different budget hotels. Brand is like the life of the budget hotel chain operation management, because the brand can let customer best understand and feel the different characteristic with other budget hotels that enhance consumers loyalty and identity. The well-know brand also is so important for the chain operation management that is effective competitive advantage. (zhao, 2007) The budget hotels need to manage brands as assets calls for longer-term strategy, maintain and protect their brands image, associations, quality, and to prevent short-term actions. First, the brands positioning must be continuously communicated to consumers that create brand awareness and to build preference and loyalty. The customers loyalty depends on the longer-term brand experience about the budget hotels consistent quality services and products. The budget hotel quality brand mainly through the image features, the price, the accommodation, the service staffs, and the hardware facilities to the customers produce the first impression. So the budget hotel build their brand depend on the long-term quality management and effective marketing strategy. The budget hotel needs to pay more attention to improve their own quality, and to train its staffs for professional manager market that to help employees understand and be enthusiastic about the brand promise. (Armstrong Kotler, 2007) Service strategy Service strategy is so important for the service industry-budget hotel industry. The service is to satisfy the needs of their customers through the place, staffs, price, equipment, and communications that they can see. For example, the budget hotel room is tangible services to customers enjoy the intangible service such as clean, warmth, comfortable. The budget hotel need to improve the service quality to meet the customers demand let them really feel the value. Successful budget hotels focus their attention on both their customers and their employees. First they need to ensure the internal